TRIP GENERATION BY MAIN MODES OF TRANSPORT

ANALYSIS OF THE HISTORICAL EVOLUTION IN THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF SÃO PAULO (1967-2017)

Abstract

The city of São Paulo has undergone an accelerated development process since the late 20th century, reorganizing its territory and affecting transportation. This study analyzes the trip generation by main modes of transport and their trends over time in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, comprising the city of São Paulo (SP) and 38 other surrounding municipalities (RM). Results point to a gradual positive variation for buses, cars, school vehicles, trains, subways, motorcycles, bicycles, and pedestrians, as well as for collective and individual modes of transport (1977–2017). In turn, taxis showed negative variation (−78.7%, SP; −68.1%, RM; 1977–1987) and then intense positive variation (−26.6%, SP; 207%, RM; 2007–2017) in the RM. Moreover, the RM showed a higher growth in trip generation, employment, and population than SP (61.5%, 104.8% and 56.1% for SP; 204.5%, 307.3% and 229.6% for RM; 1977–2017). The chartering segment, on the other hand, decreased (−22,6%, SP; −31,7%, RM; 1977–2017). Notably, individual modes of transport had a more expressive growth than collective ones (66.7% and 366.6% for individual modes, SP/RM; 43% and 115.5% for collective modes, SP/RM; 1977–2017). Regarding the share of all modes of transport, collective and individual, the RM had an increase while SP showed a reduction. In conclusion, the increase in trip generation has kept pace with population and employment growth in these scenarios, especially in the (more favorable) RM. Besides, modes of transport can develop (growth trends for individual modes, cars, and application softwares) or become obsolete (strong relative decrease in the use of trolleybus and chartered vehicles), highlighting the phenomenon of destructive creation in transportation.