EMPREENDEDORAS NEGRAS NO BRASIL – UM ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO SOBRE ADVERSIDADES E SUPERAÇÃO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24325/issn.2446-5763.v8i23p237-258Palavras-chave:
empreendedoras negras, capacidade de superação, minoria, adversidadesResumo
Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar, por meio de um estudo teórico, como as empreendedoras negras superam as adversidades diante das vulnerabilidades que lhes são causadas por questão de gênero e etnia. Descreve as desigualdades que as atingem, especialmente relativas à violência de estereótipo em diversos setores e como a literatura aborda a importância de corroborar para dar voz e lançar luz na superação das adversidades.
Este estudo ganha relevância ao diminuir uma lacuna que persiste nos estudos de empreendedorismo por minorias no Brasil: de investigar mulheres negras de forma isolada, como um objeto específico de estudos dentro do campo.
Os achados sugerem que se trata de um tema emergente de grande importância não apenas para a área de empreendedorismo, mas para áreas correlatas e específicas como a psicologia e sociologia. Abre perspectivas interessantes para novas pesquisas voltadas para rever possíveis soluções que envolvam empreendedoras negras no Brasil como forma de superarem as adversidades.
O texto contribui para oferecer o caráter interdisciplinar dos estudos teóricos em empreendedorismo a partir da análise do fenômeno, a fim de entender a capacidade de superação das empreendedoras negras frente aos estereótipos de gênero e etnia, ainda pouco estudado no campo do empreendedorismo no Brasil.
Os resultados poderão contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas, educacionais, sociais, culturais e, desenvolver ações de cidadania antidiscriminatória que poderão favorecer minorias que queiram empreender.
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CEDERBERG, M., & VILLARES-VARELA, M. (2018). Ethnic entrepreneurship and the question of agency: the role of different forms of capital, and the relevance of social class. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 1–18. doi:10.1080/1369183x.2018.1459521.
CONSTITUIÇÃO DA REPÚBLICA FEDERATIVA DO BRASIL, Art. 5º. Disponível em: http://siga.arquivonacional.gov.br/index.php/politicas/408-artigo-legislacaoconstituicao.
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CRESWELL, J. W. & POTH, C. N. Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design. Choosing Among Five Approaches. California: SAGE Publications, Inc. 2455, 2016.
DAMASIO, A. R. Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain. New York: Avon Books, 1994.
DAVIDSON, R. J. (1994). On emotion, mood, and related affective constructs. The nature of emotion: Fundamental questions, pp.51-55. New York. Oxford University Press.
DAVIDSSON, P., & HONIG, B. (2003). The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing 18 (2003) 301–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(02)00097-6.
DAVIDSON, M. J., FIELDEN, S. L., & OMAR, A. (2010). "Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic female business owners", International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. 16 Iss 1 pp. 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552551011020072.
DORNELAS, J. C. A. Empreendedorismo: transformando ideias em negócios, 6 ed. São Paulo, Ed. Atlas, 2016.
FAIRLIE, R. W., & ROBB, A. M. (2007). Why Are Black‐Owned Businesses Less Successful than White‐Owned Businesses? The Role of Families, Inheritances, and Business Human Capital. Journal of Labor Economics, 25(2), 289–323. https://doi.org/10.1086/510763.
FLEURY, M. T. L. (2013). Liderança Feminina no Mercado de Trabalho. GV-Executivo, 12(1), 46–49. https://doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v12n1.2013.20634. Disponível em https://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br/ojs/index.php/gvexecutivo/issue/view/1271/697.
FOO, M. D., UY, M. A., & BARON, R. A. (2009). How do feelings influence effort? An empirical study of entrepreneurs’ affect and venture effort. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(4), 1086. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015599.
FOO, M. (2011). Emotions and entrepreneurial opportunity evaluation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(2), 375-393.232. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00357.x.
FORSON, C. (2013). Contextualising migrant black business women’s work-life balance experiences. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 19(5), 460–477. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-09-2011-0126.
FRESE, M., & GIELNIK, M. M. (2014). The Psychology of Entrepreneurship. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1(1), 413–438. doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091326.
GREVE, A., & SLAFF, J. W. (2003). Social Networks and Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-8520.00029.
HIGGINBOTHAM, E. (2001), Too Much to Ask: Black Women in the Era of Integration, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. https://doi.org/10.5149/uncp/9780807849897.
HIGGINBOTHAM, E., & WEBER, L. (1992), ‘Moving up with kin and community: Upward social mobility for black and white women’, Gender and Society, 6 (3), 416–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124392006003005.
INMAN, K. Women’s Resources in Business Start-Up: A Study of Black and White Women Entrepreneurs, New York: Garland Press, 2000.
INMAN, K., & GRANT, L. M. (2005). African American women and small business start-up: Backgrounds, goals and strategies used by African American women in the initialization and operation of small businesses. International handbook of Women and Small business entrepreneurship. Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data. ISBN 1-84376-012-6. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781845425586.00018.
JACKSON, T. M. (2020). We have to leverage those relationships: How Black women business owners respond to limited social capital. Sociological Spectrum, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2020.1847706.
JACKSON, T. M., & SANYAL, P. (2019). Struggles and Strategies of Black Women Business Owners in the U.S. Journal of Business Anthropology, 8(2), 228–249. https://doi.org/10.22439/jba.v8i2.5850.
JONATHAN, E. G. (2005). Mulheres Empreendedoras: Medos, Conquistas e Qualidade de Vida. Psicologia em Estudo, Maringá, v. 10, n. 3, p. 373-382, set./dez. 2005. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-73722005000300005.
JUMA, N., & SEQUEIRA, J. M. (2016). Effects of entrepreneurs’ individual factors and environmental contingencies on venture performance: a case study of African-American women-owned ventures. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, doi: 10.1080/08276331.2016.1248276. To link to this article:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2016.1248276.
KNIGHT, M. (2016). Race-ing, Classing and Gendering Racialized Women’s Participation in Entrepreneurship: Racialized Women’s Participation in Entrepreneurship. Gender, Work & Organization, 23(3), 310–327. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12060.
LOFSTROM, M., BATES, T. & PARKER, S. C. (2013). Why are some people more likely to become small-businesses owners than others: Entrepreneurship entry and industry-specific barriers. Journal of Business Venturing. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.01.004.
LOSCOCCO, K. A., & LEICHT, K. T. (1993). Gender, Work-Family Linkages, and Economic Success among Small Business Owners. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 55(4), 875. https://doi.org/10.2307/352769.
LUTHAR, S. S., & CICCHETTI, D. (2000). The construct of resilience: Implications for interventions and social policies. Development and psychopathology, 12(04), 857-885. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400004156.
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2022-09-03
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de Aguiar, H. M., Nassif, V. M. J., & Garçon, M. M. (2022). EMPREENDEDORAS NEGRAS NO BRASIL – UM ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO SOBRE ADVERSIDADES E SUPERAÇÃO. South American Development Society Journal, 8(23), 237. https://doi.org/10.24325/issn.2446-5763.v8i23p237-258
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